Endocrinology and Metabolism

Original Article

Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Association of Protein Z with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: Yun-Ui Bae, Ji Hong You, Nan Hee Cho, Leah Eunjung Kim, Hye Min Shim, Jae-Hyung Park, Ho Chan Cho; Endocrinol Metab. 2021;36(3):637-646. Published online June 2, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2021.962

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Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive metabolic disease. Early detection of prediabetes is important to reduce the risk of T2DM. Some cytokines are known to be associated with T2DM. Therefore, we aimed to identify cytokines as novel biomarkers of glucose dysmetabolism.
Methods
The first stage of the study included 43 subjects (13 subjects with newly diagnosed T2DM, 13 with prediabetes, and 16 with normoglycemia) for cytokine microarray analysis. Blood samples of the subjects were assessed for 310 cytokines to identify potential indicators of prediabetes. The second stage included 142 subjects (36 subjects with T2DM, 35 with prediabetes, and 71 with normoglycemia) to validate the potential cytokines associated with prediabetes.
Results
We identified 41 cytokines that differed by 1.5-fold or more in at least one out of the three comparisons (normoglycemia vs. prediabetes, normoglycemia vs. T2DM, and prediabetes vs. T2DM) among 310 cytokines. Finally, we selected protein Z (PROZ) and validated this finding to determine its association with prediabetes. Plasma PROZ levels were found to be decreased in patients with prediabetes (1,490.32±367.19 pg/mL) and T2DM (1,583.34±465.43 pg/mL) compared to those in subjects with normoglycemia (1,864.07±450.83 pg/mL) (P<0.001). There were significantly negative correlations between PROZ and fasting plasma glucose (P=0.001) and hemoglobin A1c (P=0.010).
Conclusion
PROZ levels were associated with prediabetes and T2DM. We suggest that PROZ may be a promising biomarker for the early detection of prediabetes. Further large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the relationship and mechanism between PROZ and prediabetes and T2DM.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

On the human health benefits of microalgal phytohormones: An explorative in silico analysis
Angelo Del Mondo, Annamaria Vinaccia, Luigi Pistelli, Christophe Brunet, Clementina Sansone
Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal.2023; 21: 1092. CrossRef
Role of F-box WD Repeat Domain Containing 7 in Type 1 Diabetes
Sarah W. Mohammed, Zainab M. Qassam, Ekhlass M. Taha, Nameer M. Salih
Ibn AL-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences.2023; 36(3): 167. CrossRef
Identification of Protein Z as a Potential Novel Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Prediabetes
Seung-Hoi Koo
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(3): 572. CrossRef
Association of Protein Z with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes (Endocrinol Metab 2021;36:637-46, Yun-Ui Bae et al.)
Ji Hong You, Yun-Ui Bae, Ho Chan Cho
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(5): 1149. CrossRef
Association of Protein Z with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes (Endocrinol Metab 2021;36:637-46, Yun-Ui Bae et al.)
Tiffany Pascreau, Maia Tchikviladze, Emilie Jolly, Sara Zia-Chahabi, Bertrand Lapergue, Marc Vasse
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2021; 36(5): 1147. CrossRef

Brief Report

Diabetes
Comparison of Serum PCSK9 Levels in Subjects with Normoglycemia, Impaired Fasting Glucose, and Impaired Glucose Tolerance: Eugene Han, Nan Hee Cho, Seong-Su Moon, Hochan Cho; Endocrinol Metab. 2020;35(2):480-483. Published online June 24, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2020.35.2.480

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We investigated proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) concentrations in individuals with normoglycemia, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). This was a pilot, cross-sectional study including 92 individuals who had not been diagnosed with or treated for diabetes. We measured PCSK9 levels in three groups of subjects; namely, normoglycemia (n=57), IFG (n=21), and IGT (n=14). Individuals with IFG and IGT showed higher PCSK9 concentrations than those in the normoglycemic group, with the highest serum PCSK9 concentrations found in individuals with IGT (55.25±15.29 ng/mL for normoglycemia, 63.47±17.78 ng/mL for IFG, 72.22±15.46 ng/mL for IGT, analysis of variance P=0.001). There were no significant differences in high- or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol among groups. Serum PCSK9 levels are increased in patients with prediabetes compared to subjects with normoglycemia.

Citations

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Emerging Insights on the Diverse Roles of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) in Chronic Liver Diseases: Cholesterol Metabolism and Beyond
Thomas Grewal, Christa Buechler
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(3): 1070. CrossRef
Insight into the Evolving Role of PCSK9
Mateusz Maligłówka, Michał Kosowski, Marcin Hachuła, Marcin Cyrnek, Łukasz Bułdak, Marcin Basiak, Aleksandra Bołdys, Grzegorz Machnik, Rafał Jakub Bułdak, Bogusław Okopień
Metabolites.2022; 12(3): 256. CrossRef
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels are not associated with severity of liver disease and are inversely related to cholesterol in a cohort of thirty eight patients with liver cirrhosis
Susanne Feder, Reiner Wiest, Thomas S. Weiss, Charalampos Aslanidis, Doris Schacherer, Sabrina Krautbauer, Gerhard Liebisch, Christa Buechler
Lipids in Health and Disease.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

Original Article

Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Adrenal Insufficiency in a General Hospital: Ye Yeon Lee, Nan Hee Cho, Jong Won Lee, Nam Kyung Kim, Hye Soon Kim, Mi-Kyung Kim; Endocrinol Metab. 2017;32(1):83-89. Published online February 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2017.32.1.83

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Background

Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a life-threatening disorder caused by the deficiency of adrenal steroid hormones. This retrospective cross-sectional study investigated the characteristics of patients with AI in Korea.

Methods

All consecutive patients with suspected AI who received care at a tertiary referral center in Korea in 2014 and underwent adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation or insulin-tolerance testing were identified through a review of medical charts. Patients diagnosed with AI were enrolled. Their demographic, clinical, and treatment details were extracted.

Results

Of 771 patients with suspected AI, 183 (23.7%) received a definitive diagnosis. The most common reason for testing was the presence of suspicious AI-related symptoms (30.0%), followed by a history of steroid medications (23.5%). Their mean age was 66.7 years, and females predominated (67.8%). The most common symptoms were general weakness, anorexia, arthralgia, and fever. Approximately half (53.6%) had a history of steroid use. Hydrocortisone was the most common treatment (71.6%), with most patients taking a 30 mg dose (44.2%). The most common dose frequency was twice a day (78.6%). Fourteen patients were treated for adrenal crisis (n=10, 5.5%) or an intercurrent illness (n=4, 2.2%).

Conclusion

AI may have been caused by steroid medication use in many of the patients included in this study. The detection of AI can be improved by careful history-taking and being alert to the possibility that a patient has used steroids.

Citations

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Worapaka Manosroi, Natapong Kosachunhanan, Pichitchai Atthakomol
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Endocrine Connections.2019; 8(1): 20. CrossRef

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